With how many different names has the Prophet (salallaahi alaihi wasallam) been referred to in the Qur’an and what are they?

The exact number is differed over, as some of the titles given in the Qur’an like Mudatthir and Muzammil are considered names by some commentators and descriptions by others. You can find a list of some of the agreed upon names here: http://www.systemoflife.com/dawah/character-of-prophet/336-names-of-prophet-in-quran-and-sunnah